The gaseous phase of water is known as water vapor (or steam). Aside from common hexagonal crystalline ice, other crystalline and amorphous phases of ice are known. The solid phase of water is known as ice and commonly takes the structure of hard, amalgamated crystals, such as ice cubes, or loosely accumulated granular crystals, like snow. Within the Earth's atmosphere and surface, the liquid phase is the most common and is the form that is generally denoted by the word "water". However, these bonds are strong enough to create many of the peculiar properties of water, some of which make it integral to life. The molecules of water are constantly moving concerning each other, and the hydrogen bonds are continually breaking and reforming at timescales faster than 200 femtoseconds (2 × 10 −13 seconds). This unique property of water is due to hydrogen bonding. Under standard conditions, water is primarily a liquid, unlike other analogous hydrides of the oxygen family, which are generally gaseous. Large ice crystals, as in glaciers, also appear blue. This can easily be observed in a water-filled bath or wash-basin whose lining is white. Liquid water has weak absorption bands at wavelengths of around 750 nm which cause it to appear to have a blue color. Water is a tasteless, odorless liquid at ambient temperature and pressure. Water is the chemical substance with chemical formula HĢO one molecule of water has two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to a single oxygen atom. Is a constant, so their respective concentrations are inversely proportional to each other. The product of the activities, or approximately, the concentrations of H + Related to its amphoteric character, it undergoes self-ionization. Water is amphoteric, meaning that it can exhibit properties of an acid or a base, depending on the pH of the solution that it is in it readily produces both H + Its hydrogen bonding causes its many unique properties, such as having a solid form less dense than its liquid form, a relatively high boiling point of 100 ☌ for its molar mass, and a high heat capacity. This polarity allows it to dissociate ions in salts and bond to other polar substances such as alcohols and acids, thus dissolving them. Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other and are strongly polar. It is also the third most abundant molecule in the universe (behind molecular hydrogen and carbon monoxide). It is the most abundant substance on the surface of Earth and the only common substance to exist as a solid, liquid, and gas on Earth's surface. It is by far the most studied chemical compound and is described as the "universal solvent" and the "solvent of life". Although short-lived and much weaker than the covalent variety, hydrogen bonds contribute significantly to water chemistry because they are extremely abundant in H 2O.Water ( H 2O) is a polar inorganic compound that is at room temperature a tasteless and odorless liquid, which is nearly colorless apart from an inherent hint of blue. Each H 2O can bind to a maximum of four neighbors through these so-called hydrogen bonds. Opposites attract, so this lopsided charge difference allows bonds to form between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent H 2O molecules. The area around the oxygen is somewhat negative compared to the opposite, hydrogen-containing end of the molecule, which is slightly positive. Because oxygen and hydrogen attract the shared electrons unequally, each end of the V-shaped H 2O molecule adopts a slightly different charge. Covalent bonds occur when two atoms-in this case oxygen and hydrogen-share electrons with each other. Strong linkages-called covalent bonds-hold together the hydrogen (white) and oxygen (red) atoms of individual H 2O molecules. Neighboring H 2O molecules interact transiently by way of hydrogen bonds (depicted as blue and white ovals). Individual H 2O molecules are V-shaped, consisting of two hydrogen atoms (depicted in white) attached to the sides of a single oxygen atom (depicted in red). The dynamic interactions of water molecules.
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